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archived 07-30-00
Archive file# h073000i
sent in by Savage
Procopius of Caesarea:
The Secret History
It was difficult to determine exactly which archive this article fits in. It covers so many aspects that are discussed on David Icke's website and his books.
Of particular interest to the Reptilian Archives is
Chapter 12
Proving That Justinian and Theodora Were Actually
Fiends in
Human Form
Chapter 18
How Justinian Killed a Trillion People
The history told here also reveals the depths of fraud, perversion, corruption, and murder that the non-human government went to installing Christianity as their 'government approved' - NEW One World Religion. The historian relates too, how Justinian did not even attempt to live by the religion he zealously forced on the people. (Sound familiar? Clinton and Kosovo) Christianity was the chosen religion, since it was the religion of submission, in particular 'submission to authority' and because it had been miserably adulterated from the truth and facts.
It also tells of another holocaust, which included natural catastrophes, used to Justinian's advantage. (FEMA- Justinian Style). Justice in Justinian courts was for sale. (Bar Association? Judges on the bench due to favors by corrupt government leaders)
If we were to simply change the names in the story, we could almost envision, this same history overlayed on todays current events. This to say, that history repeats itself, over and over and over, again.
Procopius: Secret History, translated by Richard Atwater,
(Chicago: P. Covici, 1927; New York: Covici Friede, 1927), reprinted,
Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1961, with indication
that copyright had expired on the text of the translation. INTRODUCTION
[Paul Halsall]
Procopius of Caesarea (in Palestine) [born c.490/507- died c.560s]
is the most important source for information about the reign of
the emperor Justinian [born 482/3, ruled. 527-565] and his wife
Theodora [d. 547/8]. From 527 to 531 Procopius was a counsel the
great general of the time, Belisarius [505-565]. He was on Belisarius's
first Persian campaign [527-531], and later took part in an expedition
against the Vandals [533-534]. He was in Italy on the Gothic campaign
until 540, after which he lived in Constantinople, since he describes
the great plague of 542 in the capital. His life after that is
largely unknown, although he was given the title illustris
in 560 and in may have been prefect of Constantinople in 562-3.
He wrote a number of official histories, including On the Wars
in eight books [Polemon or De bellis], published
552, with an addition in 554, and On the Buildings in six
books [Peri Ktismaton or De aedificiis], published
561. He also left a "Secret History" [Anecdota,
i.e. "unpublished things", not "anecdotes"],
probably written c. 550 and published after his death, which was
a massive attack on the character of Justinian and his wife Theodora.
Parts are so vitriolic, not to say pornographic [esp. Chapter
9], that for some time translations from Greek were only available
into Latin [Gibbon - in Ch. 40 of Decline and Fall of the Roman
Empire wrote about Theodora that "her arts must be veiled
in the obscurity of a learned language ", and then went on
to quote the passage in Greek with Latin comments!]
The Secret History claims to provide explanations and additions
that the author could not insert into his work on the Wars for
fear of retribution from Justinian and Theodora. Since both before
and afterward, Procopius wrote approvingly of the emperor, it
was suggested in the past that he was not the author of the work,
but it is now generally accepted that Procopius wrote it. Analysis
of text, which show no contradictions in point of fact between
the Secret History and the other works, as well a linguistic
and grammatical analysis makes this a conclusive opinion.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Editions
- Alemannus, editio princeps, (Lyons: 1623) [with omission
of one section thought to be indecent.]
- Maltretus, (Paris: 1663) [with omissions].
- Comparetti, (Rome: 1898)
- Procopius, Opera Omnia, 3. Vols., (Leipzig: 1905-13),
ed. J. Haury, rev. G. Wirth, 4 Vols., (Teubner Series), (Leipzig,
1962-64). Now the standard edition. Vol 3 of the Haury-Wirth version
contains the Secret History
- Procopius: The Anecdota of Secret History, translated
by H.B. Dewing, (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1935), Vol
VI of the seven volume Loeb translation, which includes the Buildings
and the Wars in parallel Greek and English texts. Greek
text based on Haury.
Translations
- Procopius: Secret History, translated by Richard Atwater,
(New York: Covici Friede; Chicago: P. Covicii, 1927), reprinted,
Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1961, - the version
available here.
- Procopius: The Anecdota of Secret History, translated
by H.B. Dewing, (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1935), Vol
VI of the seven volume Loeb translation, which includes the Buildings
and the Wars.
- Cameron, Averil, Procopius: History of the Wars, Secret
History, and Buildings, translated, edited and abridged, (New
York: 1967)
- Procopius: Secret History, translated by G.A. Williamson,
(New York: Penguin, 1966) - this is the most easily available
print version.
Secondary Literature: Procopius
- Beck, Hans Georg, Kaiserin Theodora und Prokop : der Historiker
und sein Opfer, (Munich: Piper, c1986)
- Evans, James A.S., Procopius, (New York: Twayne, 1972)
- Cameron, Averil, "The `Scepticism' of Procopius",
Historia 15 (1966)
- Cameron, Averil, Procopius and the Sixth Century, (Berkeley
: University of California Press, c1985) - probably the best place
to start.
- Downey, Granville, "Paganism and Christianity in Procopius",
Church History 18 (1949)
- Gordon, C.D., "Procopius and Justinian's Financial Policies",
Phoenix 13 (1959)
- Rubin, Berthold., Prokopio von Kaisareia, (Stuttgart,
Druckenmuller 1954)
- Rubin, Berthold, "Prokopios" in Pauly-Wissowa, Real-Encyclopaedie
23.1, (Stuttgart:, 1957), cols. 273-599
Secondary Literature: Theodora
- Browning, Robert, Justinian and Theodora, 2nd ed.,
(London: 1971, 198?)
- Diehl, Charles, Théodora, impératrice de
Byzance, 3rd. ed (Paris: 1904, repr. 1937)
- Diehl, Charles, Byzantine Empresses, trans. Harold
Bell and Theresa de Kepely, (New York: Alfred A, Knopf, 1963)
- Grimbert, E., Theodora: Die Tanzerin auf dem Kaiserthron,
(Munich: 1928)
- Holmes, W.G., The Age of Justinian and Theodora, 2
vols. (London: 1912)
- Kraus, R. Theodora. The Circus Empress, (New York:
1938)
- McCabe, Joseph. Empresses of Constantinople, (London:
Methuen, 1913; Boston: n.d.)
- Schubart, W., Justinian und Theodora, (Munich: 1943)
- Stadelmann, H., Theodora von Byzanz, 2 vols., (Dresden:
1926)
- Vandercook, John W., Empress of the Dusk: A Life of Theodora
of Byzantium, (New York: 1940)
Fictional Literature
- Bradshaw, Gillian, The Bearkeeper's Daughter, (Houghton
Mifflin Company, 1987). Justinian and Theodora in the later years
of her life from the perspective of Theodora's illegitimate son
who is passed off as her nephew.
- Dixon, Pierson, Sir, The glittering horn: secret memoirs
of the Court of Justinian, (London, J. Cape, 1958)
- Fischer-Pap, Lucia, Eva, Theodora : Evita Peron, Empress
Theodora reincarnated, (Rockford, Ill. : LFP Publications,
c1982)
- Gerson, Noel Bertram, 1914-, Theodora, a novel, (Englewood
Cliffs, N.J., Prentice-Hall, 1969)
- Graves, Robert, Count Belasarius, (New York : Literary
Guild, 1938; London: Cassell, 1938) Graves narrates the life of
perhaps the most glamorous Byzantine general. Given Graves gripping
view of the early Empire in I, Claudius and Claudius
the God, the availability of Procopius as a source, and the
dramatic events and personalities of Belasarius's career, it is
hard to see how Graves could have failed. Most readers though
seem to find the novel pedestrian and, frankly, boring.
- Hubbard, Elbert, and Alice Hubbard, Justinian and Theodora,
a drama; being a chapter of history and the one gleam of light
during the dark ages, (East Aurora, N.Y.: The Roycrofters,
c1906)
- Kraus, Rene, 1902-1947, Theodora, the Circus Empress,
translated from the German by June Head. 1st ed. Garden City :
Doubleday, Doran, 1938)
- Lamb, Harold, 1892-1962, Theodora and the Emperor; the
drama of Justinian, 1st ed., (Garden City, N. Y., Doubleday
1952)
- Letraz, Jean de, 1897-, Moumou ; L'extravagante Theodora
; Une nuit chez vous ; Madame!, (Paris : Nagel, c1949)
- Masefield, John, 1878-1967, Basilissa, a tale of the Empress
Theodora, (London, Heinemann 1940; New York, Macmillan, 1940)
- Phillips, Watts, 1825-1874, Theodora, actress and empress
: an original historical drama, in five acts, (London : T.H.Lacy,
1850?)
- Rachet, Guy, Theodora : Roman (Paris : Olivier Orban,
c1984)
- Sardou, Victorien, 1831-1908, Theodora. Drama in funf aufzugen
und acht bildern, Deutsch von Hermann von Lohner ... (Leipzig,
P. Reclam jun. [n.d.])
- Sardou, Victorien, 1831-1908., Theodora, drame en cinq
actes et sept tableaux ..., (Paris, Impr. de l'Illustration,
c1907)
- Underhill, Clara., Theodora, the courtesan of Constantinople,
(New York, Sears, c1932)
- White, Eliza Orne, 1856-1947, The Coming of Theodora [a
novel], (Boston, New York, Houghton, Mifflin and Company,
1895)
Procopius: The Secret History
CONTENTS
Part One
By the Historian
- How the Great General Belisarius Was Hoodwinked by His Wife
- How Belated Jealousy Affected Belisarius's Military Judgment
- Showing the Danger of Interfering with a Woman's Intrigues
- How Theodora Humiliated the Conqueror of Africa and Italy
- How Theodora Tricked the General's Daughter
- Ignorance of the Emperor Justin, and How His Nephew Justinian
Was the Virtual Ruler
- Outrages of the Blues
- Character and Appearance of Justinian
- How Theodora, Most Depraved of All Courtesans, Won His Love
Part Two
- How Justinian Created a New Law Permitting Him to Marry a
Courtesan
- How the Defender of the Faith Ruined His Subjects
- Proving That Justinian and Theodora Were Actually Fiends in
Human Form
- Perceptive Affability and Piety of a Tyrant
- Justice for Sale
- How All Roman Citizens Became Slaves
- What Happened to Those Who Fell Out of Favor with Theodora
- How She Saved Five Hundred Harlots from a Life of Sin
- How Justinian Killed a Trillion People
- How He Seized All the Wealth of the Romans and Threw It Away
Part Three
- Debasing of the Quaestorship
- The Sky Tax, and How Border Armies Were Forbidden to Punish
Invading Barbarians
- Further Corruption in High Places
- How Landowners Were Ruined
- Unjust Treatment of the Soldiers
- How He Robbed His Own Officials
- How He Spoiled the Beauty of the Cities and Plundered the
Poor
- How the Defender of the Faith Protected the Interests of the
Christians
- His Violation of the Laws of the Romans and How Jews Were
Fined for Eating Lamb
- Other Incidents Revealing Him as a Liar and a Hypocrite
- Further Innovations of Justinian and Theodora, and a Conclusion
Introduction
Part One - Intro-10
Part Two - Chap 11-20
Part Three - Chap 21-30
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